The uniform clinical picture of TGA and the variable clinical picture of FRA presumably reflect their respective neurologic ('organic') and psychogenic ('non-organic') aetiologies. The episodes persisted from several weeks to more than two years, and some of the patients had not recovered at the time of our last contact with them. By contrast, patients with FRA had a sudden onset of memory problems that were characterized by severe retrograde amnesia without associated anterograde amnesia and with a clinical presentation that otherwise varied considerably. Thirty hours to 42 days after the episode, the patients had recovered completely and performed normally on tests of anterograde and retrograde amnesia. During the episode, the patients had severe anterograde amnesia for verbal and non-verbal material and retrograde amnesia that typically covered at least two decades. Patients with TGA had a uniform clinical picture: a severe, relatively isolated amnesic syndrome that started suddenly, persisted for 4-12 h, and then gradually improved to essentially normal over the next 12-24 h. European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Fondazione Rita Levi-Montalcini, Via Regina Elena 295, 00161, Rome,ItalyĪbstract: Background: Clinical evidence indicates that patients affected by Alzheimer's Disease (AD)We studied 11 patients with transient global amnesia (TGA) and ten patients with functional retrograde amnesia (FRA).Post-traumatic amnesia results from a brain injury such as a stroke, coma, or other head trauma. Dissociative amnesia stems from extremely stressful circumstances or events in a persons life that cause them to dissociate. Title:Synaptic Correlates of Anterograde Amnesia and Intact Retrograde Memory in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s DiseaseĪuthor(s): Emanuela Rizzello, Silvia Middei*Cristina Marchetti* Some of the main causes of memory loss include injuries, illnesses, and stressful events. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, recent memory, remote memory, hippocampus, anterior cingulate cortex, synaptic plasticity, To form new memories, is lost, while plasticity of aCC synapses is intact and contributes to the persistence Of the AMPA/NMDA ratio in CA1 pyramidal cells of Wt, but not Tg2576, mice one day after training.ĬFC-induced changes in the AMPA/NMDA ratio were also detected in the aCC of both Wt andĬonclusion: Our data suggest that in the early AD stages synaptic plasticity of CA1 synapses, crucial Intro: Amnesia, also known as amnestic syndrome, is a condition involving memory loss. This can be distinguished from retrograde amnesia, which is the loss of old memories. With electrophysiological recordings, we detected CFC-induced modifications Anterograde amnesia is the loss of the ability to form new memories. One implication of this finding for studies of retrograde amnesia is. Interestingly, studies of anterograde amnesia for the same task suggest that, to impair memory function, hippocampal lesions must be combined with lesions of the subiculum (Alvarez et al., 2001). Results: We identified a deficit in the formation of recent memories, but not in the recall of remote In both of these cases, the retrograde amnesia covered a period of 15 d. To the Contextual Fear Conditioning (CFC) task or in naïve conditions. of anterograde and retrograde memory tests to see if a similar selectivity of retrograde memory loss was present (2) to ascertain the extent, severity and. Methods: Glutamatergic synaptic currents were recorded by patch-clamp in acute hippocampal andĪnterior Cingulate Cortical (aCC) slices of AD-like Tg2576 mice and Wild-type (Wt) littermates subjected Objective: To identify the cellular mechanisms underlying impaired recent memories and intact remote Sustains the formation of new memories, while cortical regions that store remote memories are spared. On the selective vulnerability to AD-neurodegeneration of the hippocampus, the brain region that Background: Clinical evidence indicates that patients affected by Alzheimer's Disease (AD)įail to form new memories although their memories for old events are intact.
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